Banks defer foreign fund-raising plans

Volatile markets and poor investor confidence have made Indian banks defer raising funds from foreign markets through medium-term notes (MTN) and instead find alternative routes.
Chennai-based Indian Bank, which had plans to raise $1 billion in two tranches during the current financial year though MTNs, has deferred its plans and will wait till the market condition improves. The state-run bank has opted for the line of credit option to meet its funding requirement.
“If we go for raising funds through the MTN route, we will have to find assets immediately else, the cost of keeping the money idle will be very high. So, we have opted for the line of credit route,”
T M Bhasin, chairman and managing director of Indian Bank, told Business Standard.There has been a moderation in growth owing to monetary tightening by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). Apply for Credit Cards Online
The markets worldwide have been jittery recently due to the euro zone crisis and the US downgrade. According to a recent report by ratings agency Crisil, the Indian corporate sector fears a credit freeze in advanced nations, which could impair their ability to raise debt and roll it over. “We can get credit up to $500 million through foreign banks as and when we require it. This is far more cost-effective in an environment where we need to protect our net interest margins. Hence, instead of the MTN route, we have opted for the line of credit route,” Bhasin added.
The cost of funds for the banks has been rising due to RBI's monetary tightening. The interest rates are nearly 300 basis points higher than the foreign markets which have made the banks to hunt for foreign funds.
Another state-run lender, Union Bank of India, has shelved its plans of raising $300-500 million by September through MTNs for the time being, due to unattractive high yields being demanded by the investors. “The credit spreads have widened significantly. Indian banks generally leverage the spreads between the borrowing and lending cost. In view of this, it is not attractive in the present scenario to raise funds for onward lending,” said V K Khanna, general manager (treasury) at Union Bank. The bank would consider raising funds as and when the markets and pricing become attractive, Khanna added.
Lenders prefer taking loan in tranches for meeting their short-term funding requirements. Banks are not keen on giving credit guarantee now.
IDBI Bank is another lender that was looking at raising funds overseas through MTNs but has put its plan on the back burner for the same reasons as above. “Yield is not very attractive for us at the moment. The rate at which we want to borrow must meet the lenders' expectations. So, till the market conditions improve we will not be looking at raising funds overseas,” Chief Financial Officer P Sitaram said.

How to protect yourself from credit card fraud

There is some good news in your inbox. Your wait for a tax refund is finally over. At least that is what the mail says: "The Reserve Bank of India will take full responsibility of your tax refund to your bank account. Please select your bank and complete the refund request carefully." All you have to do is to open the link, key in your name, credit card number and code number at the back of the card and you will get the refund immediately, it says.
Wait a minute... Tax refund from the RBI? Credit card details for a refund? If these questions didn't crop up in your mind, you may have fallen victim to Net fraud. The RBI or the Income Tax Department never ask for your PIN, passwords or credit card details. So, the next time you see such a mail, press the delete button.
Apart from such fake mails from the RBI and IT Department, Netizens regularly receive mails that tell them about jackpot prizes they have won and ask for bank or credit card details to transfer millions. There are also mails from people stranded abroad while on a holiday and in urgent need of money. "In the faceless, new era of banking, a customer's identification is done through his user ID and password. This has brought new vulnerabilities as anybody who possesses these can transact on his behalf," says RVS Sridhar, president, IT & RBO, Axis Bank.
Frauds in India
The most common Net attacks are phishing (fraudulent e-mails) and vishing (fake voice messages and phone calls), data leaks while a card is inserted or swiped on a machine and copying of the personal identification number (PIN). "In India, data loss through cyber attacks decreased sharply in 2010, but the total number of breaches was higher than ever. Fraudsters are not attacking a single individual and getting data, but are spreading the attacks. They are using the same attack message and getting multiple data without a lot of effort," says Jelle Niemantsverdrie, principal consultant, forensics and investigative response, EMEA Verizon Business Security Solutions. Click to Apply for Credit Cards Online
Stealing information through counterfiet cards is also rampant. The data on the magnetic strip is electronically copied on to another card and used without the cardholder's knowledge. The modus operandi is very sophisticated. "A magnetic card reader is installed over the card slot, while a surveillance camera observes the user's PIN," says Rakesh Aulaya, PR manager, South Asia Pacific, NCR, an ATM manufacturer. Though this is common while travelling overseas, it can also happen at domestic ATMs.
ATMs are more vulnerable because banks and other intermediaries have been mandated to increase security in other channels, such as online banking and plastic money usage. Says Uttam Nayak, country manager, Visa: "ATMs have poor security at the location and some controls on other platforms are missing."

Federal Bank look at venture into credit card

In a bid to extend its retail clientele, private sector lender Federal Bank is planning a foray into credit cards. Initially, the bank plans to outsource the back-end mechanism and would only market the product under its brand name.
“We have sensed a need to launch a credit card,” Abraham Chacko, the executive director of the bank, told Moneycontrol.com.
“It is at the preliminary stage, and we are internally discussing the proposal. We are connecting some external parties to gain knowledge about outsourcing the product in terms of pricing, customers and other business details,” Chacko said.
There are some banks and financial institutions, which develop back-end mechanism of credit cards for other institutions on a cost sharing basis. Some of those include Bank of India , State Bank of India , SBI Genpact, ICICI Bank , Standard Chartered Bank and others.
Federal Bank has an existing debit card base of around 16 lakh. Its retail business (with special focus on non-resident Indian customers) forms around 55% of total business. Retail products currently include gold, home and car loan.
If the credit card business is able to achieve a certain scale, Federal Bank will stop outsourcing it and will operate it on its own. The executive director, who had spent over 20 years in foreign banks before joining Federal, however, did not mention any tentative launch time.
“We will also open 1,000 branches in CY2012. Half of those branches will be out of the state of Kerela. We will equally drive efforts to boost our fee income through those branches,” he added. Currently, majority of its branches are confined within the geographical boundaries of the southern most state.
Meanwhile, the bank is expected to open a branch in Dubai soon. The Reserve Bank of India is yet to give a final approval for that. The lender also aims to open two representative offices in Singapore and US or UK to expand its NRI customers’ base. In June quarter, its loan book stood at around Rs 32,000 crore, up 18% year-on-year.
Last six months, two top officials with vast banking experience from foreign banks have joined Federal Bank. They are Shyam Srinivasan as MD and Chacko himself. This led to some market optimism about the south-based bank, which was widely considered as a low-profile community driven lender.
At 12:45 hours, Federal Bank shares were trading at Rs 357.50, down 1.20%.

Find best Deals on Car loans how

They are standard reducing balance schemes and cheaper, because the manufacturer is subsidising the loans by giving extra but indirect discount in terms of lower interest rate, experts say. "Typically, car manufacturers collaborate with financiers to come up with a custom offer on one or all the cars they have in the portfolio. Both the car manufacturer and finance company go the extra mile to make the deal sweet.
This way, these deals are normally cheaper than the generic auto loan schemes offered by the banks. The availability and sweetness of these schemes depend on how badly a car manufacturer is looking to do sales. With a slow market like today, there are plenty of such deals even on fastmoving cars," says Banwari Lal Sharma AVP - Marketing, Car-Wale Automotive Exchange Private Limited.
However, don't go by the rates alone. The numbers could be highly deceptive when it comes to the car loan market. Car loan interest rates, unlike those on home loans, are not easy to compare. This is because banks just quote the rack rates, whereas the effective interest rate is much lower and it varies from dealer to dealer. That is why if you really want to evaluate a car loan offer that would work lighter on your pocket, you have to do the math yourself.
"The bank specifies the rack rate on which it would propose to lend. The dealer has the option of ploughing back his commission, thereby reducing the interest burden for the customer. The decision on the extent of commission to be ploughed back rests with the dealer. Manufacturers also provide subventions, from time to time, to ensure stock liquidation, and these may also be passed on to the customer to reduce his effective interest burden. However, the bank would continue to maintain its lending rate," says Ashok Khanna, senior executive vice-president & business head, vehicle loans, HDFC Bank.
Hence, it all boils down to the dealer-bank tie-up and how much benefit the car dealer passes on to the customer. Here, we help you navigate the process of identifying the best car loan deal.
EVALUATING THE OFFERS
With the hardening of interest rates and fuel prices touching the sky, discounts and subventions by manufacturers are the only way to make the car market survive the tough time. Most loan deals are genuine in nature, still buyers have to be careful. They need to understand the scheme very well and compare it with the other schemes from different finance companies.
"There have been instances of a non-standard loan product at 7% interest rate working out to be more expensive than a 12% interest rate standard loan because the non-standard product had a different compounding base and wasn't on a monthly reducing basis," says Sharma says.
A subsidy or discount offered by a manufacturer can be factor in while calculating the loan burden to make the deal look much better. For example, a Rs 3-lakh loan at an interest rate of 13% for five years will have an EMI of Rs 6,753. "Let's assume that the dealer gets a discount of Rs 20,000 to be offered to the customer.
He doesn't tell it to the customer but reduces it from the loan amount, making the EMI go down as low as Rs 6,303. Or he may also choose to tell the customer that the effective interest rate he is offering is 9.5%. A discount of 20,000 doesn't sound as lucrative as an interest rate of 9.5% in the current scenario," says Sharma.

SCOUTING FOR THE BEST RATE
Before scouting for the best rate, finalise the car model and the loan amount. If you plan to fix the model based on the ongoing loan offers, it will only add to the confusion. Once you finalise the car model and the loan amount, then calculate the EMI with the help of the EMI calculator available websites and portals of many banks.

RBI asks banks to implement safety measures for card usage

In order to minimise fraud cases and ensure security of transactions, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) on Thursday asked banks to implement various safety measures related to credit card and debit card usage over a period of next two years.
The central bank directed banks to strengthen the existing payment infrastructure and future proofing system along with adoption of fraud risk management practices within a period of next 12-24 months, RBI said in a notification.
"The increased usage of credit/debit cards at various delivery channels also witnessed the increase of frauds taking place due to the cards being lost/stolen, data being compromised and cards skimmed/counterfeited. There is, therefore, an imperative need to secure such card based transactions...," it said.
It also emphasised on the need to migrate to Euro pay MasterCard Visa (EMV) chip and PIN based cards from the present magnetic strip cards as the later is vulnerable to skimming and cloning.
"The need for a complete migration to EMV chip and PIN based cards could be considered based on the progress of 'Aadhar' (Unique Identification Card) in about 18 months," it noted.
As per the circular, the central bank has directed banks to implement improved fraud risk management practices by September 30, 2012. The banks have also been directed to strengthen merchant sourcing and monitoring process by September 30, 2012.
The central bank also given a timeframe till September 30, 2013, to banks for securing the technology infrastructure.
To strengthen infrastructure for accepting these cards, RBI has said that commercial readiness of acquiring infrastructure to support PIN at POS (points of sale) should be ready by June 30, 2013.
Similarly, the enablement of all POS terminals to accept debit card transactions with PIN should be completed by June 30, 2013.
The apex bank also directed banks to be ready from technical perspective to issue EVM cards by June 30, 2013.

Mastercard, Visa Best Positioned To Profit Among Credit Card Companies

American Express.
A quick look at the fundamentals shows this company currently trades at 12.05x forward earnings, price to book value of 3.29 and projected EPS growth next year of about 5%. Also important to mention is the high debt to equity ratio of 3.58. This is a scarily high number and looking at the total debt over 5 years, there has been little to show that management is concerned with paying down this debt. Rates may be low for some time but even at low rates of interest the company is still throwing money out the window in interest payments.
Next Discover Card Financial Services (DFS).
Fundamentals for discover card are slightly more promising that AXP's with a forward P/E ratio of 8.79 and debt to equity ratio of 2.4. DFS trades slightly below twice book value at 1.92. The company also has cash on hand, about 6.91 per share. This should help the company lower its debt and secure the financial stability of the company.
MasterCard.
The #2 company in regards to market share, the company exhibits some extreme fundamental data. MA trades currently about 2 times the P/E ratios of the previous two companies. Its earnings multiple is 16.65 yet this is justified by the company's 18% growth in EPS expected next year and over the next five years. The company has no debt which enhances the company's financial stability and has an outstanding $28 per share of cash on hand. This cash on hand is equivalent to 8% of the stock price. This leads me to believe the company may be planning a significant share buyback and/or may increase its current dividend or announce a special dividend. On the negative side, the company trades 8 times book value which is a very large over-pricing, which may cause some selling pressure moving forward.
Visa .
Visa is the #1 company in regards to market share and currently trades at 15.91 times forward earnings and also has no debt to payoff. Visa also has its high P/E ratio justified by a growth rate next year of 15% and a 5 year growth rate of 18%. Visa has about 4.68 per share of cash on hand which it may use to continue its ongoing share buyback plans.
Intangibles
AXP is one of the few cards that still charges its users to have the card and the rates are not cheap. Of recent, the company has focused on promoting its brand by waiving the annual fee which should help spur growth, but the key to the company's success will be whether or not it can hold on to those customers to generate the fee revenue.
DFS is more than a credit card company, it is a financial services company. Over 70% of all credit card users have stated that they use the company's website to pay bills or monitor their statements. Through this usage, Discover is able to promote its financial services business such as online banking and CDs. This area may offer DFS a growth opportunity that isn't available through the other card companies.
What went into my decision:
1. Visa has the largest circulation of credit and debit cards by almost double its next competitor, MasterCard. It has global growth potential that is already being implemented and it's in the process of reaching untapped markets and catering to unique curcumstances around the world, such as in India, where debit cards, not credit cards, are the primary medium for payment.
2. MasterCard has the ability (and has already begun) to expand overseas but will really need to break through in a big way since Visa already has a 2:1 advantage in cards issued. Apply for Credit cards with best deals and offers
3. Discover Card has great growth potential horizontally with its online banking division, however, vertically I see growth in the credit card industry to be tough at best.
4. American Express won't have much of a future if it doesn't pay down the debt and alter its business model. With the changing economic times, so must American Express change its business model to phase out annual fee cards. When it comes time for businesses, especially small businesses, to cut costs and find savings wherever they can, finding an alternative to American Express will be a no brainer.

HSBC aims to grow unsecured retail biz in India

HSBC is looking to grow its unsecured Indian loan portfolio, mainly credit cards, its country chief executive said, as its retail operation moves towards a return to profitability in Asia's third-largest economy.
Banks in India slashed unsecured lending after personal loans and credit card dues turned bad following the global financial crisis. HSBC India saw a 46 percent drop in overall profit for the first half of 2009 as losses on retail lending more than doubled.
"At this stage, we are well positioned to grow our unsecured book, but we will do it in a cautious and calibrated way," Stuart Davis, who took over as India chief executive in April 2009, told Reuters in an interview on Tuesday.
"We won't be looking at open market sourcing as we did perhaps four or five years ago," he said, referring to the practice of issuing cards to customers who do not already have an account with the bank.
HSBC's expansion of unsecured lending in India comes as it is turning around the performance of its retail banking operations in the country, the sixth biggest contributor to the UK-based bank's group profit.
In the first half of 2011, HSBC, Europe's biggest bank, posted a loss of $4 million in its India retail banking and wealth management business, narrowing from a loss of $49 million a year ago.
Fewer than 18 million of India's 1.2 billion people use credit cards. In China, a country with a slightly higher population, more than 200 million credit cards were in use as of a year ago.
Foreign banks lack the branch networks of local lenders like ICICI Bank and HDFC Bank, India's biggest card issuers, but tend to attract the most well-heeled customers in a country where incomes are rising fast.
London-based Standard Chartered, one of the biggest foreign banks in India, expects growth of 30-35 percent in new customers this year, Shyamal Saxena, head of retail banking products, had said in July.
HSBC's overall first half pre-tax profit in India rose 32.6 percent to $451 million. The bank is on track to achieve its target of $1 billion in India overall profit in 2013, Davis said.
LOAN GROWTH
HSBC, one of the top three foreign commercial banks in India along with Citigroup and Standard Chartered, expects to grow its India loan book "at least in line" with the sector's growth in this fiscal year, Davis said.
The country's central bank expects credit growth at 18 percent in this fiscal year, down from an earlier projection of 19 percent. HSBC posted a 17 percent rise in demand for loans in the last fiscal year to end-March 2011.
India raised interest rates last week for the 12th time in 18 months, triggering worries about a slowdown in demand for corporate and retail loans from banks.
"There is certainly a slowdown in loan demand...(but) we are not looking at a situation that we are looking at in Europe and the U.S. where loan growth is negligible," he said, adding the bank also plans to grow its India mortgage loan book.
The bank's home loan book in India grew 11 percent in the first half of this calendar year to $949 million.
"We feel very positive about the growth scenario and our business here and in the absence of some unforeseen macroeconomic downturn here in India we are positive about our growth," Davis said.
The bank, which plans to shed 30,000 jobs globally in the next three years to cut costs, expects to raise its India banking operations headcount over the next few years from about 7,500 now on the back of growth in its business, Davis said.